Metal-working tool.



F. P. LovEJoY.

METAL WORKING TOOL.

APPLlCATION FILED MAR. 28.1917.

Patented Feb;5,191& y

i v MQ, '05@ /0 ta'chably in a holder itis necessary to secure structure intersected. by line4`4 of Fig. 2.

:FRED r. Lovnror. orsramerrntp, viialvioiv'r.

5 METAL-Wommve Toor..V 1,255,620@ 'i I specificati@ 0f Ltteslvatent! Patented Feb.. 5,1918:

f applicati@ filed Mai-cil 2s, 1917. serial No. 155,084.'

TojaZZ-whomi may Concern: i

Be itknovvn that I. FRED P..Lovmoiq a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of YIlVindsor and .State -of Vermont, have invented new and useful Improvements in MetallWorking Tools, vof which' the following is a specification. f Y

This invention relates to metal-Working tools-and its object is to `provide improved means for fastening a cutter 1n a holder, to

the. end that a holder of relatively inexpensive steelmay be used to support a cutter of relatively high grade and expensive steel.

In all eases Where'a cutter 1s secured'deit so iiirmlyand rigidly Withfrelation tothe holder Ythat there Will` be no chatter Vof the clutter. My present invention is embodied in a structurejthat causes a tightening vof the 'cutter relatively to the holder in consequence of end-thrust against the cutter by the Work,

and such tightening' effect i increases as the end-thrust increases.

The tightness of the cutter is not, "however, wholly dependent ,upon end-thrust, fortheholder is provided with a. set-screw that' bears against a's'hoe to force the latter against the cutter.` The shoe and the cutter are provided with coperative ribs orteeth by which" theymay be interlocked one with the other, and these teeth, While serving primarily tomaintain an adjustment of thecutter relatively to its holder,

'serve also to transmit end-thrust from the cutterAv to the shoe. The shoe and the holder are provided With contacting faces arranged to cause a vvedging action in consequence of the end-thrust, and such Wedging action is vtransmitted back to the cutter with the tightening eii'ect above mentioned. Referring to the accompanying drawings;

` Figure lrepresents a top plan view of a metal-Working tool embodying thepresent invention. f

."Fig. 2'is a side elevation thereof, a piece of'vvork being represented by broken lines, andthe tool being shown in `theact of operating thereon.V .\'Fig.'3 isa side elevation of the cutter. f

Fig.` 4 isy a sectionalV view through the Asectionalview of the str'uetureinterseeted by line fmof Fig. 6 Would bel substantially the same as Fig. 4.

Fig-5 is a perspective View of the substantially semicylindric locking shoe included in Figs. 2 and 4. i

Fig. 6 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 2 showing the invention embodiedin a diiferf ent form.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view shoe included in Fig. 6. V.; The same reference characters indicate Vthe same parts Wherever they occur.

Y I have shown two modifications of theinvention for the purpose of showing that the latter i-s capable 'of being embodied in more than one form,` but it is to be understood that the invention is capable of being elnbodied in other forms than those shown.

\ In each form the `tool comprises a cutter 10, holder l1 therefor, a locking shoe, Vand a set-screw. In the form shown by Fig. 2 the locking shoe 12 issubstantially semicylindric in shape, and I Will complete the 'description of this form before explaining that shown by Figs. Gand?.

The holder is provided with a cylindric socket 13 for the cutter, and is provided with a cylindricsocket 14 for the locking shoe. These tivo sockets intersect each other, their axes being substantially vat right angles to each other, although not in intersecting relation. The socket 14 is open at one'or both ends so that the shoe may be inserted in `Of. the` locking place or removed by moving it in a direction 1 of teeth or ribs 15 extending transversely,

and the locking shoe'is provided With teeth or ribs 16 that are adapted to be interlocked vwith those of the cutter as shown by Figs. 2 and 4. VThe teeth of the shoe extend length- Wise ofl the latter and are parallel to the axes of curvature of the shoe. Since the shoe may be removed axially, it is possible to employ teeth 'of material' depth and also fairly accurately to position the end ofthe cutter before the shoe is inserted.

The advantage of using a semicylindric shoe is that a cylindric socket such as that indicated at 14 may be formed in the holder Withl'ess expense than a socket' of any other for1n,-. for the reason that al sim-ple boring,

offthjeshee Inay'be ampliiiedbyjproviding the-'shoe andholder with lfiat 'faces ,2O-Y and '21 respectively as shownvby Figsf 'and 7.

fllliel vholder shown by Fig-#dis Ylike that,

operation isall that is required to` form the socket. When assembling the tool the cutter Aisplaced in" the. desired position with regard to endvvisei*adjustment,v the teeth 14, and-'the teeth `16V thereof are thus .intersecurely against rocking from side to side even though the shoe were held tightly against it.

" i1 claim:

saidA cutter,"s'aid holder having a transverse shoe-receiving socket intersecting said cutterlocfked withthe teeth 15 ofthe cutter. ;Lsocket, a slice arranged in said shoe-receiv- -Y screwed down-and broughtto bear upon the shoe .Y and the latter is thus `l`forced tightly Y against the cutter. It'willbe observed that the laxisjjand direction of Y tl'irustof the set- -screw'are at an acute angle iii relation to the ofthe cutter, a'ndithat such 'stressftends to forcefthe' cutter back to ktake up 'any V- lost motonbetween thevshoeffand Vsurface 18 of the yholder. Y `surface 18l and th at portion ofthe shoe-tliatlengag'es itfexer't a wedging effect upon the cutter that tends totighten Y use y yThe. wedging effect hereinbeforementioned the interlocking'-teethk 15 and 16,1 and the shoeA is thusir brought to f beafr with additional forceagainst 'the SurfaceV 18"o`fthe holder.

S ften'dsto 'force' the cutter in the direction in- 'dieatedf by arrow 'fc and the cutterjis thus tightened relatively to the holder.V Y Y f-T-hewedging action and tightening 'effect 'shownlby 2 excepting that the socket for ltheJV `locking cshoe is o'f` another forni lthan ,o cylindri'eand iequires'a finishing operation 'aft'erfthe soeketlhas been bored. The-shoe 125, instead of being semicylindric, is prog 11.5'vid'edr'with afflatlface 22 vforcoaction with set-iscrewali". -While affording greater wedgingiaction and tightening effectthe combinationshownby-Figs.i6 and 7V utilizes the Y Y i k'same principles asthos'e'explaiiied jin `'con- 'Y VV50 A j unc'tionji'vith'f-Fig. 2. Y o Y -In both forms vthefcutteris cut; away dia'- metricallyfoppositejthe teeth 15, :for the. pur- Y pose of` eliminatingcontact with the holder at' thelpointfindicated at123 in EFig; 4. In

consequence "of this formation the cutter `is 1assured of tivo bearings Or-separatel lines of f contactrwith the holder as indicated'at-Q, 24,

' vand the-effect of-thisgfeature is to steady the l i, v .cutter relatively tothe holder by preventing chattering incasefthere shouldbe clear'- Panca' between the-sides YAof thecutter and the ingA socket and removable therefi'oniin adi- 2. AA-metal-i'vorking tool'coinprising a cutter, 'a holder therefor having a socket lfoi said cutter, saidh'older having a transverse shoe-receiving socket intersecting said cutteris'ocket, a -shoe arranged in said shoe-recei'vin'gsocket'and removable therefrom in lines transverse {to-the cutter, said lshoe vand said cutter Yhaving cooperative interlocking teeth arranged to sustain end-thrust of said cutter, said holder and said shoe having curvilinear fcoac'ting surfaces arranged approximately concentric with the axis of the 'shoeto cause a wedgiiig action and tightening effect upon lsaid cutter in consequence of yend-thrust ofzthe latter, and a screw threaded said holderiand'arranged to bear upon said-'shoeto force the latter against said cutter.

f3. Ametallworking tool comprising a cutter, a hold'ertherefor having a socket 'for said cutter, said holderhaving a transverse shoeireceiving socket extending from side to `sidethereof transversely to 'and intersecting 4saidcutter-Socket, a shoe arranged in said yshoelreceiving socket and removable :from the end thereof, said 'shoe and said cutter having coperative interlocking teeth extending longitudinally ofthe shoe and arranged to sustain end-thrust'of said cutter, said holder and said slice having coacting Aseini-cylindrical surfaces approximately concentric with the axis of said shoe arranged to cause a wedging 'action and tightening effectupon said cutter in consequence of endthrust of the latter, and -a screw threaded in said holder, 'and arranged to bear. against 'said lshoe to' force the latter against said cutter,;theaxis of said screw andthe axis of said cutter being atan acute angle whereby screwing said screw against saidslioe will -ter,fa. holder thereforhaving a socket for said cutter, said cutter and said-,socket being substantially. cylindrie, and v means; arranged tobea'rfag'ainst :one `-sideof said cutter to force'the cuttery laterally yagainst -the wall of said -r-socket,ffone of said cylindric yelements being out away through an are of substantial length opposite said means, to insure two separate lines of Contact between said cutter and'holder. f

5. A metal-working tool comprising a out ter, a holder therefor having a socket for said cutter, said cutter and said socket being substantially Cylindric, and meansA arranged to bear against one side of said cutter to Copies of this patent may be obtained for forcethe cutter laterally against the wall of 10 said socket, said cutter loeing out away through an are of substantial length opposite saidmeans, to insure two separate lines of Contact between said cutter and holder.

In testimony whereof I have aixed myV 15` signature.

"FRED P. LoVEJoY.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, l

Washington, D. C. 

